Glaucoma, a progressive eye disease, is silently robbing millions of their vision. Recent research by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and the National Institute of Health has revealed a sharp rise in glaucoma cases across the country. The number of affected individuals has surged into the crores in the past few years, raising concerns among healthcare experts.
Contents
Understanding Glaucoma and Its Impact on Vision
Glaucoma initially causes blurry vision, which gradually deteriorates over time. If left untreated, it leads to complete blindness. The most alarming aspect of this disease is that once vision is lost due to glaucoma, it cannot be restored. Glaucoma damages the optic nerve, which is responsible for transmitting visual signals to the brain.
According to global statistics, approximately 80 million people worldwide suffer from glaucoma. Experts predict this number will continue to rise. In India alone, over 1.12 crore individuals above 40 are affected by this condition. The loss of vision has profound effects, leaving many families struggling as individuals lose their ability to work and support themselves.
Who Is at Risk of Developing Glaucoma?
Glaucoma occurs when the fluid drainage pathways in the eye become blocked, leading to fluid accumulation. This results in increased intraocular pressure (IOP), which gradually weakens vision and ultimately causes blindness. One of the earliest symptoms is the loss of peripheral vision, meaning the ability to see objects on the sides diminishes. Anyone experiencing such symptoms should consult an eye specialist immediately.
Multiple factors can elevate the likelihood of developing glaucoma, such as:
- Previous Eye Injuries: Trauma to the eye can cause structural damage, increasing the likelihood of glaucoma.
- Retinal Surgery and Corneal Transplantation: Surgical procedures on the eye can sometimes lead to complications that elevate intraocular pressure.
- Underlying Health Conditions: Diabetes, myopia (nearsightedness), and cardiovascular diseases can contribute to glaucoma development.
- Prolonged Screen Exposure: Staring at mobile phones, laptops, or other digital screens for extended periods, especially in the dark, exposes the eyes to harmful blue light, which can damage the retina.
- Steroid Use: Frequent use of steroid-based eye drops, skin creams, or inhalers can significantly heighten the risk of glaucoma.
Preventing Glaucoma: Steps to Protect Your Vision
While glaucoma cannot be reversed, early detection and preventive measures can help slow its progression and reduce the risk of blindness. Here are some essential precautions:
1. Regular Eye Examinations
Routine eye check-ups are crucial, particularly for individuals with a family history of glaucoma. It is recommended to undergo an eye exam at least twice a year, especially after age 40. Early diagnosis can help manage the condition before significant vision loss occurs.
2. Monitoring Underlying Health Conditions
Individuals with diabetes, high blood pressure, or a history of strokes should prioritize eye health and schedule frequent examinations to detect any early signs of glaucoma.
3. Limiting Screen Time
To reduce eye strain and minimize the risk of retinal damage, limit prolonged screen exposure. Take a break every 20 minutes by looking at an object 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds to reduce eye strain.
4. Avoiding Unnecessary Steroid Use
People using steroid medications, including inhalers and skin creams, should do so only under medical supervision. Long-term and unregulated use of steroids can significantly contribute to glaucoma development.
5. Maintaining a Healthy Lifestyle
Adopting a healthy diet rich in antioxidants, engaging in regular physical activity, and avoiding smoking can improve eye health. Drinking sufficient water and maintaining proper sleep hygiene also play a vital role in reducing the risk of eye-related diseases.
Take Action Before It’s Too Late
Glaucoma is a silent but severe threat to vision, affecting millions worldwide. As the number of cases rises, awareness and proactive eye care become more crucial. By prioritizing regular check-ups, reducing screen exposure, and being mindful of medication use, individuals can significantly lower their risk of developing glaucoma.
If you or a loved one experience symptoms such as blurry vision or difficulty seeing from the sides, consult an eye specialist immediately. Early intervention is the key to preserving sight and maintaining a good quality of life. Don’t wait—protect your vision today!
